Gabion cov qauv feem ntau tau piav qhia hauv cov ntsiab lus yooj yim: hlau tawb ntim nrog pob zeb. Tab sis nyob rau hauv kev xyaum, ib tug zoo - ua gabion phab ntsa yog ib tug ua tib zoo sib npaug ntawm cov qauv, kua, qhov hnyav, thiab cov khoom sib cuam tshuam. Gabions ua tsis zoo tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj, ua rau phab ntsa tawg uas tuaj yeem ua rau raug mob lossis tuag taus.
Nov yog tsib cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas cais cov qauv 50 xyoo los ntawm kev ua tsis tiav 5 xyoo.
1. Kev Npaj Lub Hauv Paus: Qhov Tsis yog-Txuas Thawj kauj ruam
Ib qho kev xav tsis zoo yog tias cov phab ntsa gabion "tsis xav tau lub hauv paus". Txawm hais tias lawv tsis xav tau cov pob zeb pob zeb hauv ntau qhov xwm txheej, lawv tseem xav tau kev npaj tsim nyog. Lub hauv paus tsis sib xws lossis tsis zoo ua rau muaj kev sib haum xeeb, bulging, thiab thaum kawg overturning tsis ua hauj lwm.
Dab tsi tuaj yeem ua yuam kev:Kev txhim kho ncaj qha rau ntawm cov khoom siv organic, cov av tsis sib haum xeeb, lossis qhov chaw tsis muaj zog. Ntawm 2m siab loj lub ntiajteb txawj nqus phab ntsa installation nyob rau hauv Pietermaritzburg, cov qauv gabion tsis tau levelled- qhia meej tias lub hauv paus compaction tsis raug ua kom zoo.
PAULEEN cov lus pom zoo:
Excavate rau cov av ruaj khov thiab tshem tawm tag nrho cov khoom siv organic uas tuaj yeem lwj
Tso ib lub compacted sub- puag ntawm hom 1 crushed pob zeb mus rau qhov tob ntawm 100-200mm, compacted siv lub vibrating phaj compactor
Rau 1m siab phab ntsa, 100mm sub- puag txaus; rau 3m siab phab ntsa, 200mm yuav tsum tau
Nruab ib lub geotextile npuag ntawm lub hauv paus gabion thiab sub- puag rau kev sib cais thiab pom
Rau cov phab ntsa siab tshaj 1 meter nyob rau hauv qhov siab, stepping (terracing) txhim kho stability thiab tsis kam mus overturning
2. Pob zeb xaiv thiab muab qhab nia: Qhov Loj
Kev xaiv pob zeb ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau kev ruaj ntseg, zoo li, thiab kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov qauv. Siv cov pob zeb me me los yog sib npaug ua rau kev ntxuav thiab deformation. Qhov tsawg kawg nkaus linear dimension ntawm pob zeb rau gabions nyob rau hauv cov dej yuav tsum ntau tshaj 1.3 npaug ntawm nominal cell loj ntawm daim phiaj; rau underwater los yog variable dej theem tej yam kev mob, nws yuav tsum yog ntau tshaj 1.5 npaug ntawm nominal mesh qhib.
Dab tsi tuaj yeem ua yuam kev: Siv pob zeb me dua qhov qhib mesh- lawv yuav khiav tawm ntawm lub mesh. Siv cov pob zeb sib npaug- lawv tsis cuam tshuam, ua rau muaj kev sib haum xeeb thiab bulging. Siv mos limestone nyob rau hauv nruj los yog ntub ib puag ncig- nws deteriorates.
PAULEEN cov lus pom zoo:
Pob zeb loj yuav tsum yog 1.5 mus rau 2 npaug loj dua qhov qhib mesh
Rau 5 × 10cm mesh, yam tsawg kawg nkaus yuav tsum yog 45-125mm
Rau 10 × 10cm mesh, yam tsawg kawg nkaus yuav tsum yog 80-120mm
Siv tawv, pob zeb angular -nws interxauv zoo dua li cov pob zeb sib npaug
Qhov me me ntawm ib lub pob zeb yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog ob zaug ntawm qhov ntev ntawm qhov qhib mesh
Cov pob zeb me me (spalls) tuaj yeem siv rau kev ntim cov voids, tab sis lawv qhov ntim yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 20% ntawm tag nrho cov pob zeb ntim.
3. Layered Filling thiab Bulging tiv thaiv
Bulging yog one ntawm feem ntau cov teeb meem nyob rau hauv gabion installation, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog inexperienced crews. Thaum cov pob tawb bulge, nws compromises tus qauv kev ncaj ncees thiab ua rau overturning tsis ua hauj lwm.
Yuav ua li cas mus tsis ncaj ncees lawm: Muab tag nrho cov pob zeb ib zaug. Sau los ntawm ib sab xwb. Hla lub hauv paus bracing. Ua tsis tau tes - tso pob zeb ntsej muag.
PAULEEN cov lus pom zoo:
Sau cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg -kwv yees li ib -peb ntawm lub pob tawb qhov siab ib zaug
Rau 1m tob pob tawb, sau rau 1/3 qhov siab ntawm ib txheej; rau 0.5m tob pob tawb, sau rau 1/2 qhov siab
Txhim kho cov hlua khi sab hauv los yog cov khoom stiffeners ua ntej sau los tiv thaiv bulging
Ntawm cov ces kaum, muab cov hlua khi ntawm 45 degrees
Muab pob zeb tso rau ntawm lub ntsej muag pom; siv mechanical filling nkaus xwb rau cov tub ntxhais
Sau cov pob tawb tom qab ua ntej, tom qab ntawd tes - xaiv rock rau lub ntsej muag kom ua tiav qhov huv
Tom qab txhua 300 hli puv txheej, nruab cov hlua txuas ntxiv kom tsis txhob deformations
4. Sib dhos, Lacing, thiab khi: Dab ntxwg nyoog nyob hauv kev sib txuas
Tsis tsim nyog osembly thiab kev sib txuas tsis muaj zog yog qhov ua rau gabion tsis ua haujlwm. Lub lacing thiab bracing yuav tsum tau ua raws li qhov tshwj xeeb- tsis yog qhov kev xav tom qab.
Dab tsi tuaj yeem ua yuam kev: Siv tsis txaus lacing hlau. Tsis txaus spiral binder nro. Hla stitches. Tsis txhob khaws cov pob tawb uas nyob ib sab ua ke.
PAULEEN cov lus pom zoo:
Siv qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm 2.2 hli txoj kab uas hla lacing hlau (galvanized lossis Galfan-coated)
Ua kom ruaj ntseg yam tsawg kawg ib plooj ib 50 hli raws tag nrho cov pob qij txha
Twist txhua kab kawg tsawg kawg yog ob zaug ntawm nws tus kheej
Rau kauv binders, xyuas qhov tsawg kawg nkaus hauv txoj kab uas hla ntawm 20mm thiab qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm 25mm
Muab cov thawv gabion nrog cov pob qij txha tawg kom tsis txhob hla txoj kab ntev -los ntawm cov pob qij txha
Koom nrog cov pob tawb uas nyob ib sab vertically thiab kab rov tavlly tsim kom muaj kev sib koom ua ke
Tom qab sau, kaw thiab kho lub hau siv lacing hlau
5. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov dej ntws thiab Geotextile
Ntawme ntawm lub zog loj tshaj ntawm cov phab ntsa gabion yog ntuj permeability. Tsis zoo li cov pob zeb tuav cov phab ntsa, lawv txo qis hydrostatic siab tau. Tab sis qhov txiaj ntsig no ploj mus yog tias cov dej thaiv tau los yog cov av tsiv teb tsaws tshwm sim.
Dab tsi tuaj yeem ua yuam kev: hla geotextile npuag- ua rau cov av poob qab ntawm phab ntsa. Siv cov khoom zoo rov qab ncaj qha rau ntawm lub mesh. Tsis muaj txoj kev tso dej rau kev tawm dej.
PAULEEN cov lus pom zoo:
Ib txwm nruab tsis yog -woven geotextile npuag qab phab ntsa kom tiv thaiv cov av tsiv teb tsaws thaum tso dej nkag
Overlap geotextile seams los ntawm ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 300mm
Muab 150–300mm graded xuab zeb-gravel mix rau saum cov geotextile hauv qab gabion ntiv taw phab ntsa rau theem thiab tso dej
Xyuas kom cov dej muaj ib txoj hauv kev kom tawm
Tsis txhob muab cov khoom zoo rov qab ncaj qha duast lub mesh- nws txhaws cov voids thiab ntxiab dej
Ib phab ntsa gabion uas tso dej kom zoo yuav tawm mus rau ib qho uas ntxiab dej
PAULEEN Qhov txawv
Nrog ntau tshaj kaum xyoo ntawm kev tsim khoom, PAULEEN tsis yog muab cov thawv gabion xwb-peb muab kev thaj yeeb ntawm lub siab. Peb cov khoom raug tsim los rau cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb nrog:
Kub-dip galvanized hlau nrog zinc txheej ntawm 200g / m² lossis ntau dua rau kev tiv thaiv corrosion mus txog 20 xyoo
Galfan (zinc- txhuas alloy) thiab PVC-coated xaiv rau kev txhoj puab heev los yog ntug hiav txwv dej
Muab ob npaug rau -twisted hexagonal mesh ntawm tsis yog -raveling kev tsim kho
Mesh opens uniform loj, tsis pub tshaj 3-1/4 "× 4-1/2"
Hlau tensile lub rooj sib tham ASTM A370 (tsawg kawg 410 MPa)
Dimensional kam rau ua nyob rau hauv ± 5% ntawm qhov ntev tau teev
Lub gabion qauv tsuas yog zoo li nws cov installation. Cov hlau mesh, txheej txheej, pob zeb, lub hauv paus, kev sib txuas -txhua lub ntsiab lus yuav tsum ua haujlwm sib haum xeeb. Tsis txhob cia tsib cov ntsiab lus tsis saib xyuas ua rau koj qhov project tag nrho.